pope shenouda iii of alexandria

In 1976 the Coptic Orthodox Church broke ties with the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, a fellow Oriental Orthodox church, after the new Marxist government of Ethiopia deposed the Ethiopian patriarch and installed a replacement. In 1962 Antonious was consecrated a bishop by Pope Cyril VI, and at that time he took the name Shenouda in honour of the 4th-century Coptic scholar and theologian St. Shenouda the Archimandrite. News Archival Browse 417 pope shenouda iii photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more photos and images. Shenouda and Paul began discussions that helped to resolve many of the ancient disputes and signed a joint statement affirming many tenets of Christology. Any content should be recategorised. Updates? In 1989 he signed a similar concordat with his Orthodox brothers, and in 2000 he welcomed Pope John Paul II to Egypt. As he was a Bishop already he could not assume any different name from Shenouda. Diocesan bishops were also appointed in Canada, Australia, and several South American countries. Orthodox Churches is very close. and lived in a cave that he had carved out himself for a period of six years. While Sadat attempted to broker peace with Israel in 197778, Shenouda renewed his sharp public criticism of Israel. [42] The body was taken out of the coffin and lay in a seated position on a ceremonial throne dressed in gold- and red-embroidered vestments, a golden mitre upon his head with a gold-tipped staff in his hand. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Pope Shenouda III was born to a very humble family in Salam village, 11 kilometers away from Asyut governorate (Upper Egypt). . [citation needed], In the months prior to Pope Shenouda's death, rumours which were denied by the Holy Synod had spread through Cairo's Coptic community that he had fallen into a coma. Additional discussion at Talk:Pope Peter VII of Alexandria. Pope Shenouda III, the patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church, has died aged 88 after 40 years spent leading Egypt's Christian minority during a time of increasing . Words of Spiritual Benefit: Volume II*, 104. [11], In the light of the September 11 attacks, he said of suicide bombing as a tactic that:[10]. The Pope died following a prolonged decline due to the effects of diabetic renal disease. "[60] In 2003 he received the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights.[61]. When Copts were attacked by Islamic groups, Shenouda blamed Sadat for not doing enough to stop the violence. of Our Lord on the Cross, St. Mark's Coptic Orthodox Church, Jersey City, NJ. The police have been accused of siding with the attackers in some of these cases. Also in 1976, Shenouda severed relations with a sister church in Ethiopia after the Marxist regime arrested and then executed the Orthodox patriarch. Contemplations on the Ten Commandments: Volume III, 18. [15][citation needed]. [citation needed] He was the third Alexandrian Patriarch to take the name Shenouda; his namesakes were Shenouda I (859880) and Shenouda II (10471077). Beyond his devotional authority, Shenouda also represented Coptic lay and political interests in Egypt and fostered ties with wealthier Coptic diasporas in the US, Canada, Europe, South Africa and Australia. "[50] The party also issued a statement signed by the party's chairman Mohamed Morsi that stated Shenouda's life was "a long journey of big contribution in various fields domestically and abroad." Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria Shenouda III of Alexandria [ edit] Oppose. Coptic Orthodox Diocese of the Midlands, U.K. the Diocese of Birmingham (Diocese of the Midlands), How it came to be Egypt and Christianity, What you will find in a Coptic Orthodox Church, H.H. Egyptian Nobel Peace laureate and former UN atomic watchdog chief Mohamed ElBaradei attends the Easter Coptic Orthodox mass, led by Pope Shenuda III,. Was Turkish PM Erdogan the final recipient of the Qaddafi human rights prize? Bishop Missaelas its bishop. H.H. After receiving a bachelors degree in history from Cairo University (1947), he taught social studies and English in high school while studying theology at Coptic Orthodox Theological Seminary. As a result, he has paid many visits to the various sister Orthodox churches and their patriarchs, such as those of Constantinople, Moscow, Romania, and Antioch, with the goal of a full communion of these churches with the Oriental Orthodox Churches. He added that Copts should only go to Jerusalem after peace was established in the region. Under Shenouda the Coptic Orthodox Church increased its profile and activity in the World Council of Churches (WCC); the church had been one of the organizations founding members in 1948. The liberal Muslim analyst Ahmad al-Aswani blamed the pope for "beard-kissing and forgetting" instead of confronting an "open season on Copts". In 1976 he dismissed a rebellious deacon, Max Michel, who in 2005 was declared a bishop by an Orthodox organisation in Nebraska, and the following year crowned himself Archbishop Maximus I, head of a rival St Athanasius church. Pope Shenouda II of Alexandria was the 65th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. Under Sadat, the Government released a census in 1977 that understated the number of Christians even contradicting earlier released censuses. Internal Coptic disputes went public and Shenouda seemed to lose his celebrated grip over his community. [5] After mass protests during the Egyptian Arab Spring led to Mubaraks ouster in February 2011 (see Egypt Uprising of 2011), Shenouda, though in ill health, publicly praised the protesters. In 1949, he graduated from the Coptic Orthodox Theological Seminary. In the same year, he became the Editor-in-Chief of the Sunday School Monthly Magazine. for dialogue on unity. When thousands of Copts took to the streets in October to protest against the state's recent demolition of an "unlicensed" church in Aswan, the resulting military crackdown left 27 people dead. In 1962, Pope Cyril VI summoned Fr. Faced with January 2012's elections to a parliament dominated by the Muslim Brotherhood and conservative Islamists, many Copts suppmore effective orted the liberal, secular Muslim-Christian Egyptian Bloc, which achieved fourth place. Please select which sections you would like to print: Matt Stefon was a religion editor at Encyclopaedia Britannica. As the court sentence could not be appealed, Pope Shenouda III said: "We will appeal this sentence before God. [43] The Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party's Speaker of Parliament Saad Katatni said of Shenouda's death that Egypt had lost "one of its national icons, a man who left a void in the political arena at a critical time. Council of the Churches in Christ in the U.S.A. St. Mark's [citation needed], In an address he gave at an ecumenical forum during the International Week of Prayer in 1974, he declared, "The whole Christian world is anxious to see the church unite. ], On 30 September 1962, Pope Cyril VI appointed him to the bishopric of Christian Education and as Dean of the Coptic Orthodox Theological Seminary, and renamed him Shenouda in honour of the most renowned scholar and writer in Coptic, Saint Shenouda the Archimandrite (lived 347/348465/466).[5]. Seminary in Cairo, Alexandria, and abroad and the Higher Institute of Coptic Studies. His Holiness Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Pope of The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark attends the Coptic Easter celebration mass in Cairo 07 April 2007. and not a unity of jurisdiction. The Church of Alexandria in Egypt has about 58 million members worldwide. Under the leadership of H. H., the Coptic Orthodox Church is a full member of Yet his pontifical reign was marked by controversy. His Divine nature is one with his human nature yet without mingling . [20], On the eve of 7 January 2010, as worshippers were leaving the Mar-Yuhanna (St. John) church in Nag Hammadi after Eastern Christmas Mass (which finishes around midnight), three Muslim men in a car opened fire, killing 8 Christians and injuring another 10. His Holiness is the author of 123 books on a variety of scriptural, doctrinal and spiritual topics and 28 poems. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. in religion and literature and an Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In 1954 he moved to the desert, taking monastic vows and the name Antonious El-Syriani. Sadat was assassinated a month later, on 6 October 1981, by Islamic extremists, and in January 1985 Pope Shenouda III was fully reinstated by Sadat's successor, Hosni Mubarak. The Lord Jesus Christ is God Himself, the Incarnate Logos. This category is located at Category:Shrine of Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria Note: This category should be empty. Recalled from the hermit's life, Gayed became dean of the Coptic Seminary and bishop for religious education with the saintly name of Shenouda. [10] Some of the Coptic property within the compound of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre (including the Coptic monastery known as Deir El-Sultan) was delegated to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Michel claimed that God had deserted Shenouda's congregation and that more than a million Copts had become Muslims or evangelical Christians. Under the guidance of H.H. Antonios el-Syriani. He was working for Egypt to stand as a unified front against the challenges facing the nation;" and Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh's campaign issued a statement saying that Fotouh had spoken with the church's bishop for youth, Bishop Moussa, to express his condolences to both the Coptic Church and Copts. On November 14, 1971, His Grace Bishop Shenouda was consecrated as His Holiness Under his long reign the Coptic church expanded greatly in Egypt, representing about 10 percent of the population by the first decade of the 21st century. He is the first pope to establish Coptic monasteries [12], Hundreds of Christian Coptic girls have been kidnapped and forcibly converted to Islam, as well as being victims of rape and forced marriage to Muslim men. Later, a criminal court in Sohag governorate released all 89 defendants charged in the New Year's massacre in Kosheh without bail. After Sadat was assassinated in October 1981, his successor, Hosni Mubarak, eventually ended Shenoudas exile and restored him to the papacy in 1985. The Coptic and other Oriental churches (Ethiopian, Armenian, and Syriac) had rejected the councils statement on Christology (theological doctrine concerning the person and work of Jesus Christ) and were subsequently regarded in the West as heretical monophysites (believers in the doctrine that Jesus Christ had only a divine nature), though the Oriental churches vehemently denied the charge. praying, meditating, praising and coming in communion with God. Persecution against Christians during Pope Shenouda III's reign was chiefly conducted by private individuals and organizations, especially radical Salafis, although the state continued to enforce long-standing discriminatory policies and engage in occasional Christian-baiting. This marked the first meeting between Alexandrine and Roman pontiffs since 451. Contents 1 A Brief Biography of His Holiness Pope Shenouda III 2 Early Life 3 Monastic Life 4 Enthronement as Pope of Alexandria 5 Pastoral Activities 6 The Exile and Efforts of National Unity 7 Ecumenical Relations And one of our It is reported that the events were triggered by a mixed marriage between a Christian woman and a Muslim man. the Middle East Council of Church, the All-African Council of Churches, the National Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria, who has died aged 88 after suffering from prostate cancer, was for four decades the spiritual leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, the largest Christian community in the Middle East. Shenouda increased the churchs profile outside the Middle East. Between 14 April and 23 May 1974, he became the first Pope of Alexandria to visit North America when he visited the US and Canada. [49] Al-Nour Party's Members of Parliament walked out when a minute's silence was held for Shenouda, with a party spokesman saying that "a minute of silence does not exist in Islam. Head of the Coptic Church from 1971 to 2012, Toggle Relations with other churches subsection, Persecution of Christianity in Egypt in his time, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic Throne of St. Mark the Evangelist of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark, Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist, Father of fathers, Shepherd of shepherds, Successor of Saint Mark, thirteenth among the Apostles, Ecumenical Judge, Beloved of Christ. St. Athanasius the Apostolic, and St. Cyril the Great, comes the author of the renaissance On Yet his liberalism had its limits. All donations are Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, his reign of more than 40 years saw a significant growth in his faith group. Ahmed Shafiq said that his death was a loss to Egypt because he was a "unique religious leader and a distinguished character in the national history. From the land of the great ancient Egyptian civilization, the land visited by His Holiness Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Pope of The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark, is seen between the heads of a group of priests standing in front of him during the Coptic Easter celebration mass in Cairo 07 April 2007. When Islamic extremists killed 21 Copts by bombing an Egyptian church in January 2011, however, Shenouda rebuked Mubaraks regime for not maintaining peace. From 25 to 30 September 1974, he went on a pastoral trip to visit the Ethiopian Church during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia. the number of students tripled. He was born Nazir Gayed, the youngest of eight children in Asyut, southern Egypt, moved to Cairo at 16 and served as a novice at St Anthony's church school. [33], Pope Shenouda III was involved in theological disagreements concerning the issue of theosisthe transforming effect of divine grace. People who support and found reasons to feel good over these incidents are doing more than one wrong thing: first, ignoring the tragedy of killing an innocent group of people. He is commemorated in the Coptic Synaxarion on the 1st day of Baramudah. Moreover, he founded the first Coptic Orthodox Church in A distinguished and prominent religious leader, a profound theologian, a gifted He was also the head of the Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Competition for Church History and Stories of Saints, 9. His austerity was known to be exceptional even by monastic standards. Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria Soul, Body, Fasting 13 Copy quote revival through the guidance of the Holy Spirit and the pastoral care of H. H. Pope Shenouda was born Nazeer Gayed and raised in a Coptic (Egyptian Christian) family in northern Egypt. We ask that our Lord Jesus Christ repose the soul of our Beloved Father His Holiness Pope Shenouda III in the Paradise of Joy with our fathers Abraham Isaac and Jacob and that He accept the intercessions of His Holiness Pope Shenouda III for his Church and children. While inter-communal strife saw thousands of Copts leave Egypt, critics blamed him for politicising his office and exacerbating matters, either through over-assertiveness or timidity. Mark. He said Anglican priests who converted to Catholicism had "left one error to embrace another that is worse". His comments on Jews often sailed close to crass antisemitism and he rebuffed calls to soften Coptic strictures on divorce. Pope Shenouda III had arguments with then-President Anwar Sadat over both the Camp David Accords and what he said was the president's deficient response to growing Islamism. Because he represented a prominent religious minority in a predominantly Islamic country, Shenouda attempted to cultivate good relations with the Egyptian government. 1999, we witnessed the enthronement of the first bishop overMelbourne, Sadat offered Matta the papacy in place of Shenouda in 1981. Upon the application of some bishops, the Coptic Orthodox Holy Synod, based on the direction of Pope Shenouda III, also decided to ask Copts not to visit Jerusalem until the church possessions and the monastery be returned. Pope Shenouda III's health", "Egypt's Coptic Pope in poor health, official says", "Egypt's Coptic Christian Pope Shenouda III dies", "Egypt Coptic Christian Pope Shenouda dies: adviser", "BBC News Thousands mourn Egypt's Coptic Pope Shenouda III", "Egypt's Coptic Christians bid farewell to Pope Shenouda III", "Egyptian Christians mourn Orthodox pope Shenouda III", "Mourners flock to Abbasseya Cathedral to pay respects to Pope Shenouda III", "News:: Middle East:: Egypt Coptic Christian Pope Shenouda III dies: adviser", "Pope sends message for Shenouda III's death, huge crowds form to see his body", "Thousands attend funeral of Coptic Pope Shenouda III", "Egypt: Three Dead After Vigil For Coptic Christian Pope", "SCAF, political figures react to Shenouda death", "On social media, Pope Shenouda III is both mourned and criticized:: NET2 News", "Pope's Message of condolence to Coptic Christians", "Pope Benedict XVI offers prayers for Coptic Pope Shenouda III Politics Egypt Ahram Online", "Pope praises Shenouda III, shares pain over death Lebanon Daily News", "Press Office Statement on the death of Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria", "Egyptians Mourn Coptic Pope Shenouda III | News | English", "Armenian FM condoles Pope Shenouda III's death", "Karekin II, Aram I Offer Condolences on Coptic Pope's Death", "Foreign Secretary saddened by the death of Pope Shenouda III", "UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-Violence (2009)". worldwide. Former Prime Minister Essam Sharaf called Shenouda a "devout clergyman, a good citizen and a valuable leader. many monasteries and convents. An avid reader, he was a keen student of languages and a man of vast ecumenical insights. Later, at the Syrian Monastery, he became a monastic priest under the name of Fr. Under Bishop Shenouda's leadership, the number of students at the Coptic Orthodox Theological Seminary tripled. Pope Cyril VI was born as Azer Youssef Atta in Damanhour, Egypt, into a Coptic Orthodox middle-class family, the son of a deacon. To make the constitutional amendment more appealing to the populace, Sadat bundled it with another constitutional amendment declaring Islamic Sharia law the main source of legislation, an action viewed as a step towards a more radically Islamic Egypt. In Europe, there are currently over fifty church If you have benefited from this site, please Characteristics of the Spiritual Path*, 8. Because of his controversial beliefs, including his conviction that lay members of the church should be allowed to choose their priests and bishops, Shenouda was briefly suspended from his duties by Cyril in 1966 but was soon reinstated. Angry protests back in Egypt showed the respect he still commanded. His Holiness Pope Shenouda III (Gayyid) was the 117th Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria (1971-2012). Support us for free by shopping at smile.amazon.co.uk when you select our charity. When Egypt's revolution began later that month, the sight of Christians chanting alongside Muslims in Tahrir Square, Qur'ans and crosses held aloft, momentarily dispelled fears of sectarian carnage. Metropolitan Pachomious of Beheira and Pentapolis was appointed to take over papal duties until the election of a new Pope, being the second-most senior Metropolitan in the Holy Synod in age after Anba Mikhail, but due to his failing health and age delegated this duty to Metropolitan Pachomios during the first meeting of the Holy Synod after Shenouda's death. Shenouda III. Pope Shenouda III is marked by a worldwide expansion of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. help us support this project through your donations. Under his leadership, the Coptic Orthodox Church has also witnessed a growth He was enthroned as Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark on November 14, 1971 , nearly 9 months after the departure of Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria. All the while he dabbled in classics and archaeology; he wrote poetry and penned newspaper opinion pieces, many on Coptic history. Arabs conquered Egypt two centuries later, although Copts remained a majority until the 12th century, when many converted to Islam. Shenoudas outspoken criticism of Israel, particularly for its treatment of Palestinians, was hailed by some Copts but rejected by others. A full communion of these churches with the Oriental Through his leadership of the seminary, INTRODUCTION. Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria ( Coptic: (born Nazeer Gayed on 3 August 1920, in Asyut, Egypt ), is the 117th Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic See of Saint Mark the Evangelist of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. Antonios to the patriarchate where he ordained him Bishop of Christian Education and Dean of the Coptic Orthodox Theological University, whereupon he assumed the name Shenouda, after St. Shenouda the Archimandrite and two Previous Popes Shenouda I (859- 880) and Shenouda II (1047 1077). outside of Egypt, which presently number nine. Coptic Orthodox Pope Tawadros II, patriarch of Alexandria, Egypt, was at the Vatican to mark the 50th anniversary of a joint declaration signed by St. Paul VI and Pope Shenouda III in 1973 outlining the beliefs shared by their . From the age of 14, Nazir began reading poetry and he wrote many poems himself, especially between 1946 and 1962. From 1956 to 1962, he lived as a hermit in a cave about seven miles from the monastery, dedicating his time to meditation, prayer, and asceticism. Some of these poems have become popular Christian hymns sung in our churches. Papst der Koptisch Orthodoxen Kirche. Yet he faced defiance from the Maspero Youth Union, Copts who condemned the governing SCAF, the Supreme Council of the Allied Forces. church unite. Pope Shenouda III (Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:[enud]; Coptic: Papa Abba enoude pimah oumt; Arabic: Bb al-Iskandaryah Shindah al-Thlith; 3 August 1923 17 March 2012[1]) was the 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark the evangelist and apostle. of the faithful at the Cathedral of St. Mark in Cairo. Particularly in Upper Egypt, the rise in extremist Salafi groups such as the Gama'at Islamiya during the 1980s was accompanied by attacks on Copts and on Coptic churches. Bermuda, and St. Kitts. Prime Minister Kamal el-Ganzouri's statement read: "I give my sincere condolences to the Coptic brothers home and abroad. He was enthroned as Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Pope of Alexandria and patriarch of the See of St. Mark on 14 November 1971, nearly nine months after the death of Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Since that blessed day, the Coptic Orthodox Church has witnessed a remarkable Born Nazeer Gayed, he attended Cairo Univ. But life beyond the cloisters proved more perilous. Within seven years, enrolment of part-time students had grown tenfold. There have also been dialogues with various Protestant churches worldwide. As a monk, and later a monk priest, H. H. carried the name of the Christian Ten years into his papacy, in 1981, Pope Shenouda III had famously fallen out with President Anwar Sadat of Egypt. Council of the Churches in Christ in the U.S.A., the Canadian Council of Churches, In the eyes of the Church of Alexandria, Abune Tewophilos remained the legitimate Patriarch of Ethiopia. 1 reference. See Wikipedia:Naming conventions (names and titles)#Clerical names. Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria Media in category "Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria" The following 20 files are in this category, out of 20 total. His official title was Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist, Father of fathers, Shepherd of shepherds, Successor of Saint Mark, thirteenth among the Apostles, Ecumenical Judge, Beloved of Christ. This page was last edited on 23 September 2021, at 09:24. In an address he gave at an ecumenical forum during the International Week many times, "A church without youth is a church without a future." Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria. Pope Shenouda III was the 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark the evangelist and apostle. Shenouda also helped to organize talks between the Oriental and Eastern Orthodox churches. Shenouda's hundred books and countless sermons untangled abstruse dogma in a straightforward way. His sixth and final trip took place in November 2002. of Prayer in 1974, he declared, "The whole Christian world is anxious to see the In this visit, Popes Shenouda III and Pope Paul VI signed a common declaration on the issue of Christology and agreed to further discussions on Christian unity. - - Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria - Mekoya Antonios the Syrian after joining the Syrian Monastery of the Ever-Virgin Mary the Theotokos, where he was later elevated to the priesthood.

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