cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention

Epidemiology; Prostate cancer; Risk factors; Screening. Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults - United States, 2016, Patterns of absolute risk of lung cancer mortality in former smokers, Risk models to select high risk candidates for lung cancer screening. Boehmer U, Miao X, Maxwell NI, Ozonoff A. Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. Urban-Rural County and State Differences in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - United States, 2015, Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk of lung cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies, Previous lung diseases and lung cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Conquering cancer disparities: new opportunities for cancer epidemiology, biomarker, and prevention research. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: External Validation of the Revision of the TNM Stage Groupings in the Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. As such, the National Cancer Institute has launched Sherlock Lung: A Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Lung Cancer in Never Smokers [146] with the goal of tracing lung cancer etiology in never smokers by analyzing molecular data in conjunction with histological features to develop an integrated molecular, histological, and radiological classification of LCANS. The identification of biomarkers of pancreatic cancer survival are urgently needed given the high fatality of this disease. Chan School of Public Health, Academic Departments, Divisions and Centers. PMC 4Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA. Waziry R, Jawad M, Ballout RA, Al Akel M, Akl EA. Epub 2008 Apr 29. FOIA National Library of Medicine Alberg AJ, Brock MV, Ford JG, Samet JM, Spivack SD. Information is also provided on social, economic, and public policy factors that profoundly influence individual behaviors. Read More About the Journal Editors Elizabeth A. Platz Biomarkers may also reflect host characteristics. You do not currently have access to this content. Costs are reported in 2019 U.S. dollars. Evaluation of the lung cancer risks at which to screen ever- and never-smokers: screening rules applied to the PLCO and NLST cohorts. In addition, the AACR assists authors in satisfying major funder Open Access archiving mandates by depositing the accepted author version of their article in a designated public repository. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Impact Factor IF 2023|2022 Malhotra J, Borron C, Freedman ND, Abnet CC, van den Brandt PA, White E, et al. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Figure 4a shows age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates for males in the United States, 2011 2015, using data from U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. A biomarker is a biologic specimen that may be a marker of exposure to a substance, its metabolism, or an integration of exposure and metabolism. Office of the Surgeon General: The health consequences of smoking--50 years of progress : a report of the surgeon general. 1998 Mar;6(2):97-106. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00322.x. Would you like email updates of new search results? URL at: Tsai J, Homa DM, Gentzke AS, Mahoney M, Sharapova SR, Sosnoff CS, et al. In 2019 an estimated 228,150 new cases of lung cancer are expected. Background: Fredriksen-Goldsen KI, Kim HJ, Barkan SE, Muraco A, Hoy-Ellis CP. Geographical variations in incidence rates differ for women compared to men (Figures 1a and and1b)1b) which are attributed to historical differences in cigarette smoking. Email: pubsales@aacr.org, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Editorial Office In addition, over the last decade, fewer adolescents perceive moderate or regular use of marijuana as a health risk [85, 86]. It is transmitted occurs via respiratory secretions and may increase risk of lung cancer through mediators of inflammation similar to those speculated for pneumonia [117] as described above. Among both males and females, lung cancer incidence is higher in the Midwest and East and the highest rates are observed in the South while the lowest rates are generally found in Western states. (2017). J Natl Cancer Inst. Epidemiology, treatments, and related biomarkers of locally advanced or Avoidable risk factors for PCa may include factors such as smoking, diet, physical activity, specific medications, and certain occupations. The incidence rate for squamous cell carcinomas has been on the decline since the early 1980s. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis, Latent tuberculosis infection: the final frontier of tuberculosis elimination in the USA, The Relationship between Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer, Evolving epidemiology of HIV-associated malignancies. We combined phase-specific attributable costs with prevalence projections to estimate national costs from 2015 through 2030. Additionally, in the LDCT arm, a subset of screen-detected incidence lung cancers where their antecedent screens were positive prior to the screen of the cancer diagnosis were associated with improved 5-year survival compared to prevalent lung cancers [151] that are usually diagnosed when patients develop symptoms in a real world setting. As such, early detection is currently the only option for those who have already quit smoking and among those individuals who are at high-risk. Breast CancerEpidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. This lack of improvement is primarily due to the majority of patients are diagnosed with last stage disease where the survival rates are dismal (Figure 6). The mortality rate among men is 51.6 per 100,000 and 34.4 per 100,000 for women. Hori M, Tanaka H, Wakai K, Sasazuki S, Katanoda K. Secondhand smoke exposure and risk of lung cancer in Japan: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Cannabis smoking and lung cancer risk: Pooled analysis in the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the Among women, adenocarcinoma has been the most frequently diagnosed histological subtype since at least the 1970s (Figure 8a). Chansky K, Detterbeck FC, Nicholson AG, Rusch VW, Vallieres E, Groome P, et al. Medical Care Costs Associated with Cancer Survivorship in the United Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention publishes original, peer-reviewed research on cancer causation, mechanisms of carcinogenesis, prevention, and survivorship. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention (CEBP) (Print ISSN: 1055-9965: Online ISSN 1538-7755) is published monthly, one volume/year, by the American Association for Cancer Research, Inc. (AACR). HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Rami-Porta R, Bolejack V, Giroux DJ, Chansky K, Crowley J, Asamura H, et al. Moir D, Rickert WS, Levasseur G, Larose Y, Maertens R, White P, et al. Until recently, a modality for the successful detection of early stage lung cancer has been elusive. The national cancer-attributed medical care costs in the United States are substantial and projected to increase dramatically by 2030, due to population changes alone, reflecting the rising burden of cancer care among cancer survivors. Lung cancer will likely remain a major public health burden globally throughout the 21st century and advances in risk assessment, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment will be imperative in improving outcomes of this disease [149]. You could not be signed in. Published by Elsevier B.V. Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Sogaard KK, Farkas DK, Pedersen L, Weiss NS, Thomsen RW, Sorensen HT. However, local therapy for early stage disease is associated with substantially improved overall survival. There are limited published data on recent cancer incidence and mortality trends worldwide. Lung cancer occurrence in never-smokers: an analysis of 13 cohorts and 22 cancer registry studies. Though few women smoked regularly before World War II, average age at initiation continued to decrease and per capital in cigarette consumption increased through the 1960s [39]. Prolonged lung cancer screening reduced 10-year mortality in the MILD trial: new confirmation of lung cancer screening efficacy. Data from 99 cohort studies representing more than 7 million individuals and over 50000 incident cases of lung cancer found no evidence for sex-specific differences for risk of smoking-related lung cancer. Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema, or chronic bronchitis, is an irreversible chronic inflammatory condition that leads to fixed narrowing of small airways and alveolar wall destruction. However, there are few causally-linked risk factors for lung cancer diagnosed among never smokers which, if considered a unique reportable category, is the 11th most common cancer and the 7th leading cause of cancer-related death. The prevalence of cancer survivorship is increasing. Mirbolouk M, Charkhchi P, Kianoush S, Uddin SMI, Orimoloye OA, Jaber R, et al. Additional factors may include smoking, diet, physical activity, specific medications, and occupational factors. From 1988 to 2014, secondhand smoke exposure among never smokers in the United States significantly declined from 87.5% to 25.2% attributed to tobacco control efforts and smoke-free laws and policies in workplaces and public places [50]. From 2012 to 2016, the death rate dropped by about 4% per year in men and 3% per year in women. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Figure 8b shows age-adjusted incidence rates among males for lung and bronchus cancer by year of diagnosis and histology using SEER 9, 1973-2015. SES is associated with health and disease through multiple interacting pathways in terms of resources, physical and psychosocial stressors, and health-related behaviors and risk factors. Soluble epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR/sErbB1) as a potential risk, screening, and diagnostic serum biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer.. 12. Because biomarkers are sometimes related to risk of disease, they are important in cancer control research. Although data suggest that electronic-cigarettes may less harmful alternative to conventional cigarettes, at present there are no data regarding the long-term cancer risk associated with low-level exposure to the detected carcinogens [72]. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, Collection: Epidemiology of Aging and Cancer, Collection: Cancer Epidemiology in Asian American and Pacific Islander Populations, Collection: US Cancer Disparities Statistics, Collection: Cancer Epidemiology in Hispanic/Latino Populations, Collection: Colorectal Cancer: Screening and Early-Onset CRC, Collection: Informing Public Health Policy, https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-1133. Azofeifa A, Mattson ME, Schauer G, McAfee T, Grant A, Lyerla R. National Estimates of Marijuana Use and Related Indicators - National Survey on Drug Use and Health, United States, 2002-2014, National Conference of State Legislatures: Marijuna Laws. Due to reductions in smoking, the lung cancer death rate has declined 48% since 1990 in men and by 23% since 2002 in women. Marijuana use is prevalent among youth in the United States as data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported that prevalence of past-year use was between 12% and 16% for adolescents ages 12 to 17 between 2002 and 2014 [84]. Hirsch FR, Scagliotti GV, Mulshine JL, Kwon R, Curran WJ Jr., Wu YL, et al. Impact: Cigarette smoking and subsequent risk of lung cancer in men and women: analysis of a prospective cohort study, Differences in lung cancer risk between men and women: examination of the evidence. Copyright 2023. SMA 17-5044, NSDUH Series H-52). Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Although the binary division of lung cancer into NSCLC and SCLC is still widely applied and relevant, advances in genomic profiling has resulted in a paradigm shift whereby lung cancers are also characterized and classified by tumor biomarkers and genetic alterations, such as gene expression, mutations, amplifications, and rearrangements (Table 1), that are critical to tumor growth and survival and can be exploited with specific targeted agents or immune-checkpoint blockades [12-14]. While risk of lung cancer and death is lower for individuals using these products compared to those who smoke cigarettes, it should be noted that these are not safer alternatives to cigarette smoking as the lower point estimates are likely attributed to lower smoking intensity and perhaps lesser degrees of inhalation of these products. Data source: GLOBOCAN 2018. Of particular concern is the uptake of e-cigarette use among youth ages 12-18, with the 2017 National Youth Tobacco Survey reporting 11.7% of high school students and 3.3% of middle school students using e-cigarettes within the last month. Prior studies linking Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data with the United States Census [31] and California Cancer Registry with the California Health Interview Survey [30] provided evidence that gay men have higher incidence and mortality rates for lung cancer and lesbian females have lower incidence and mortality rates from lung cancer compared to the general population. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, and cancer prevention research: two journals, a common goal Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. Osborne SR, Alston LV, Bolton KA, Whelan J, Reeve E, Wong Shee A, Browne J, Walker T, Versace VL, Allender S, Nichols M, Backholer K, Goodwin N, Lewis S, Dalton H, Prael G, Curtin M, Brooks R, Verdon S, Crockett J, Hodgins G, Walsh S, Lyle DM, Thompson SC, Browne LJ, Knight S, Pit SW, Jones M, Gillam MH, Leach MJ, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Muyambi K, Eshetie T, Tran K, May E, Lieschke G, Parker V, Smith A, Hayes C, Dunlop AJ, Rajappa H, White R, Oakley P, Holliday S. Med J Aust. Public Health Service. Hiscock R, Bauld L, Amos A, Fidler JA, Munafo M. Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review. and transmitted securely. Zhang LR, Morgenstern H, Greenland S, Chang SC, Lazarus P, Teare MD, et al. This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of Grace C. Schabath (1941-2019). Cumulatively, data suggests that vapor produce from electronic-cigarettes contains potentially harmful compounds and may lead to adverse effects on human health. Although only around 15% of smokers develop lung cancer, 80 to 90% of lung cancer diagnoses are attributed to tobacco smoking in the United States [3]. Jaber RM, Saxena A, Nasir K, Mirbolouk M, Maziak W, DeFilippis A, et al. Biomarkers and Cancer Epidemiology | EGRP/DCCPS/NCI/NIH Mutations in TP53, KRAS, and STK11 are more frequent in tobacco smokers with lung cancer, whereas EGFR and HER2 mutations and the ALK-ELM4 fusion are more common among LCANS [145]. When filtered cigarettes were introduced, combusted tobacco smoke dispersed deeper into the respiratory tree due to deeper inhalation resulting in adenocarcinomas with a more peripheral distribution [11]. Accessibility 2019 May 10;9(2):26. doi: 10.3390/jpm9020026. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. There was considerable variation in costs by cancer site and stage. Conclusions: Geographically, lung cancer mortality follows a pattern similar to incidence including the highest rates observed in the South (Figures 4a and and4b4b). New driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer. Lisy K, Peters MDJ, Schofield P, Jefford M. Experiences and unmet needs of lesbian, gay, and bisexual people with cancer care: A systematic review and meta-synthesis, Social Determinants of LGBT Cancer Health Inequities. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Figure 5 shows observed and modeled trends in lung and bronchus cancer 5-year survival from 1975-2015 using data from SEER 18 (https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html). Front Health Serv. Aberle DR, Adams AM, Berg CD, Black WC, Clapp JD, Fagerstrom RM, et al. See Editorial Board for more information. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. In East and South Asia, a high proportion of female lung cancers occur among never smokers [143]. The Multicentric Italian Lung Detection (MILD) trial [157], in which 4,099 participants aged 4975 years with a smoking history of 20 pack-years were prospectively randomized to undergo LDCT screening for a median period of 6 years (n = 2,376) or to a control arm with no screening intervention (n = 1,723). As the association between smoked cannabis and lung cancer is still undefined and marijuana use is prevalent, more research will be required in the future to characterize the association between smoked cannabis and risk of lung cancer and for other diseases. In the United States, although smoking rates and the incidence of lung cancer has declined over the last several decades, the incidence of lung cancer among never smokers (LCANS) has been on the rise. Among all risk factors, advanced age is the most significant contributor to LCANS. Hoggart C, Brennan P, Tjonneland A, Vogel U, Overvad K, Ostergaard JN, et al. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). Lung cancer is a leading non-Acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) defining cancer (NADC) and is the most frequent cause of cancer-related death among persons infected with HIV [125]. In 2016, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults was 15.5%, which was substantially declined from 20.9% in 2005 [147]. The final typeset version of every published article is rendered freely accessible 12 months after publication. Wu QJ, Xie L, Zheng W, Vogtmann E, Li HL, Yang G, et al. Tuberculosis can induce chronic inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis leading to higher rates of genetic alterations and mutations which have been suggested mechanisms regarding the role of tuberculosis on lung cancer risk [121]. Most lung cancers are preventable and could be mitigated by reducing smoking initiation among adolescents and increasing smoking cessation among adults. 2023 May 8;13:1127086. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1127086. Cost-effectiveness of p16/Ki-67 Dual-Stained Cytology Reflex Following Co-testing with hrHPV Genotyping for Cervical Cancer Screening. Crider K, Williams J, Qi YP, Gutman J, Yeung L, Mai C, Finkelstain J, Mehta S, Pons-Duran C, Menndez C, Moraleda C, Rogers L, Daniels K, Green P. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. AbstractBackground:. Lung cancer incidence among females is highest in North America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, and Australia/New Zealand and lowest in most of Africa. Epidemiology of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines; That the effects of smoking should be measured in pack-years: misconceptions 4. Biomarkers may also reflect host characteristics. Published meta-analyses have reported a history pneumonia was associated with a 30 to 40% increased risk of lung cancer risk [105, 114] and a pooled analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium reported a 57% increased risk [107]. Global Cancer in Women: Burden and Trends - PubMed 8600 Rockville Pike Additionally, regular smoking of marijuana alone is associated with adverse effects on the respiratory system similar to that of cigarette smoking [81, 82]. Asthma has been suspected as a potential risk factor for lung cancer since inflammation also plays a pivotal role in the lung cancer pathogenesis. Among women, incidence rates are generally lower than men with approximately over 725,000 new lung cancer diagnoses in 2018. government site. government site. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. Z99 CA999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States. Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With Initiation of Combustible Tobacco Product Smoking in Early Adolescence. Cancer Progress and Priorities: Lung Cancer - PMC Pastorino U, Silva M, Sestini S, Sabia F, Boeri M, Cantarutti A, et al. Copyright 2023 by the American Association for Cancer Research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32:894905, Ephrem Sedeta, Hyuna Sung, Mathieu Laversanne, Freddie Bray, Ahmedin Jemal; Recent Mortality Patterns and Time Trends for the Major Cancers in 47 Countries Worldwide. A pooled analysis published in 2012 of 16 studies in the International Lung Cancer Consortium concluded that increased risk between asthma and lung cancer may not reflect a causal effect since the increased incidence of was largely observed in small cell and squamous cell lung carcinomas, primarily within 2 years of asthma diagnosis, and the association was weak among never smokers [109]. In the United States, over 15 million people reported ever receiving a diagnosis of COPD in 2015 and is the third leading cause of death behind heart disease and cancer [102]. Mohite PN, Zeriouh M, Saez DG, Popov AF, Sabashnikov A, Zych B, et al. Careers. Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation. Read The Best of the AACR Journals collection, which highlights the most-cited articles from 2021 and 2022. Does tobacco industry marketing excessively impact lesbian, gay and bisexual communities? Data sources from: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017 and CDC Report on Consumption of Combustible and Smokeless Tobacco United States, 2000-2015, page 1359. Graph production: IARC (http://gco.iarc.fr/today), World Health Organization. However, such findings should be interpreted with caution since reverse causality cannot be ruled out since pulmonary infections can be a result of a weakened immune system due to lung cancer [105]. In the United States, radon exposure is estimated to be the second leading cause of lung cancer and responsible for over 21,000 or 13% of lung cancer deaths each year [87, 88]. The biennial American Cancer Society report Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Facts & Figures, 2023-2024 reviews and provides the latest data on major modifiable cancer risk factors, preventative vaccinations, and use of cancer screening tests. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. The findings reinforce the importance of implementing and strengthening resource-stratified and targeted cancer prevention and control programs in all parts of the world to further reduce or halt the rising cancer burden. The United States is a low-incidence country with an annual incidence of 30 tuberculosis cases per 1 million [120]. Novel smoking cessation strategies tailored to the lung cancer screening setting will likely amplify the survivorship gains expected from screening alone [154]. Results from the American Cancer Society found that cancer mortality is 28% higher overall in poor counties than affluent counties in the United States and >40% higher among men in poor counties [4]. A pooled analysis from [83] the International Lung Cancer Consortium of 2,159 lung cancer cases and 2,985 controls found little evidence for an increased risk of lung cancer among habitual or longterm cannabis smokers. Established and putative risk lung cancer risk factors. . In 2019, an estimated 142,670 deaths are expected to occur, or about 23.5% of all cancer deaths. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | American Association for In the United States, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among both men and women [3, 4]. {currentyear} American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved. Among those eligible and reached (98%) for the 6-month survey, 35.9%, 28.9% and 38.3% reported abstinence respectively. eCollection 2023. Hernandez-Ramirez RU, Shiels MS, Dubrow R, Engels EA. Studies have also shown that e-cigarette use is associated with increased oxidative stress, which seems to mediate the adverse effects of e-cigarettes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the lungs and presents with airway hyper-reactivity, excessive mucous formation, and respiratory obstruction. Body mass index and risk of lung cancer: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. 2011 Jan 19;103(2):117-28. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djq495. The incidence rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. population. To systematically review and summarize the current evidence on the descriptive epidemiology, large screening studies, diagnostic techniques, and risk factors of PCa. Keywords: Subgroup analyses also demonstrated significant increases for non-Hispanic Whites, Asians, males, and females. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Data source: U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. Gynecol Oncol. Geographically, lung cancer incidence is higher the Midwest, East, and South with highest rates observed in the South for both men and women (Figures 2a and and2b2b). Among both males and females, lung cancer morality is higher in the Midwest, East, and South and lowest in most Mountain states and California. Increasing use of MRI and biomarkers for the detection of PCa may mitigate some of the negative consequences of screening. Over the last several decades substantial progress has been made across the cancer control continuum in terms of etiology, prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and end of life; however, lung cancer is still a major public health burden globally and in the United States. Program Director, Genomic Epidemiology Branch Graham R, Berkowitz B, Blum R, Bockting W, Bradford J, de Vries B, et al. Lung cancer: current therapies and new targeted treatments. The long-standing inflammatory reaction in the bronchi is accompanied by a continual cycle of injury and repair and therefore could play a key role in lung carcinogenesis. A comparison of mainstream and sidestream marijuana and tobacco cigarette smoke produced under two machine smoking conditions. The five-year relative survival rate for all lung cancers (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC] and small cell lung cancer combined) is 19% and the five-year survival is higher for non-small cell lung cancer (23%) than small cell lung cancer (6%) [3, 4]. In 2018, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths occurred (1.2 million in men and 576,100 in women), accounting for 1 in 5 cancer deaths worldwide [1, 2]. Published meta-analyses have reported a 2 to 3-fold risk of lung associated with a history of COPD, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis [104-106].

Suny Downstate Diversity, Pacoima Studio For Rent, Articles C